Assets: Resources owned by the company that have economic value.
Assets are typically divided into:
Liabilities: Obligations that the company owes to outside parties.
Liabilities are also divided into:
Equity: The residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting liabilities. It represents the ownership interest in the company and includes:
Common stock
Retained earnings
Additional paid-in capital
Other comprehensive income (if applicable)
Example of a Balance Sheet
Balance Sheet
Assets
Current Assets:
– Cash
$10,000
– Accounts Receivable
$5,000
– Inventory
$8,000
Total Current Assets
$23,000
Non-current Assets:
– Property, Plant, Equipment
$50,000
Total Assets
$73,000
Liabilities
Current Liabilities:
– Accounts Payable
$7,000
– Short-term Debt
$3,000
Total Current Liabilities
$10,000
Non-current Liabilities:
– Long-term Debt
$20,000
Total Liabilities
$30,000
Equity
– Common Stock
$10,000
– Retained Earnings
$33,000
Total Equity
$43,000
Total Liabilities and Equity
$73,000
Purpose of a Balance Sheet
Financial Position: It provides stakeholders (investors, creditors, and management) with a clear view of the company’s financial health.
Liquidity Assessment: It helps assess the company’s ability to meet short-term obligations.
Investment Analysis: Investors use it to evaluate the company’s stability and growth potential.
Overall, the balance sheet is a crucial tool for financial analysis and decision-making
A balance sheet is a financial statement that provides a snapshot of a company’s
financial position at a specific point in time.
It summarizes the company’s assets, liabilities, and equity,
following the accounting equation:
Accounting Equation
Assets=Liabilities+Equity\text{Assets} = \text{Liabilities} + \text{Equity}Assets=Liabilities+Equity
Key Components of a Balance Sheet
Example of a Balance Sheet
Purpose of a Balance Sheet
Overall, the balance sheet is a crucial tool for financial analysis and decision-making
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